Background: People from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds are at high risk of experiencing poor coordination of care, yet are often excluded from research to improve services due to the lack of culturally appropriate measurement tools in community languages. Aim: To cross-culturally adapt the CCCQ-P (Cancer Care Coordination Questionnaire for Patients) instrument into Traditional and Simplified Chinese and Arabic for migrants within Australia. Methods: A rigorous, four-step process was used: (1) Forward translation. Two accredited, professional translators who were native speakers (one with and one without familiarity with medical terminology) produced independent forward translations of the English version of the CCCQ-P into the target language. (2) Synthesis of forward translations. The study team, two forward translators and a third accredited translator with experience in the health care system, discussed all differences in interpretation and word choice to produce a single, synthesized forward translation. (3) Back translation. The forward translated version was back translated into English independently by two new translators who were blinded to the original English version of the CCCQ-P questionnaire. (4) Comparison with original CCCQ-P. The English back translations were reviewed by the translators and study team and any diversions from the concepts of the original questionnaire were resolved in the final translated version. Pilot testing of the translated questionnaires is underway to assess patients' views of the meaning of the questions and to assess the distributions of responses. Results: There were only minor differences in interpretation and translation between forward translators across the three language groups. Back translated versions demonstrated no substantive departures from the concepts of the English questionnaire. Conclusion: The availability of the CCCQ-P instrument in Simplified and Traditional Chinese and Arabic will enable assessment of cancer care coordination experiences to be assessed in these patient groups and will facilitate their inclusion in future research.

Young, J. M., et al. (2016). "Cross-cultural adaptation of “cancer care coordination questionnaire for patients” (CCCQ-P) for Chinese-and Arabic-speaking people." Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology 12: 158-159.

http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=vie