The Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey is a newly developed patient-reported outcome measure with high discrimination abilities evaluating nasal function, cosmesis, and social perception.1,2 The objective we report here was to provide a validated patient-reported outcome measure for assessing nasal obstruction and cosmesis for Arabic-speaking patients. After institutional review board approval in Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine, patients presenting to the outpatient clinic for cosmetic and/or functional rhinoplasty from February to May of 2018 gave consent to participate in this prospective instrument-validation study. Exclusion criteria included patients younger than 18 years old; patients not understanding Arabic; and patients with congenital facial features, persistent adenoids, sleep apnea, inflammatory, infectious or neoplastic sinus disease, facial/nasal asymmetry, or trauma within the previous 3 months. After following international guidelines for translation and cross-cultural adaptation,3 the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey was translated to Arabic and back-translated to create an Arabic version (Fig. 1). Ten patients were enrolled in an evaluation phase to help improve the scale. Then, a test/retest phase included administering the Arabic version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey after 2 weeks. A healthy reference group was included for validity testing.

Abdelwahab, M., et al. (2019). "Arabic Validation of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcome Survey for Arabic-Speaking Rhinoplasty Patients." Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery 143(3): 673e-675e.

https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Fulltext/2019/03000/Arabic_Validation_of_the_Standardized_Cosmesis_and.80.aspx#pdf-link