BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral knee pain is a common cause of anterior knee pain. The Kujala anterior knee pain score is a scoring system for the clinical assessment of disease severity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to validate an Arabic translation of the original Kujala anterior knee pain score to assess Arabic-speaking patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. METHODS: The Kujala anterior knee pain score was translated into Arabic by a group of native Arabic and native English speakers including orthopedic surgeons, residents, and a medical student. Questionnaires were filled by 127 patients visiting our outpatient department complaining of anterior knee pain diagnosed clinically and after exclusion of other pathologies. Questionnaires were re-filled at least 2 weeks later via phone contact from a member of our team. After exclusions, 97 questionnaires were analyzed for reliability using Cronbach's alpha for the scoring system's internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest analysis. RESULTS: The mean score of the questionnaire before the follow-up was 62.38 (+/-17.78) and 64.02 (+/-18.47) after the follow-up. The scoring system's internal consistency measured via Cronbach's alpha was 0.824. Average ICC for the scoring system was 0.948 (CI: 0.923-0.965) and for single measures, 0.902 (CI: 0.856-0.933). Further, 94.8% of patients were contacted before initiating physiotherapy. Forty-six of the patients (47.4%) showed improvement in their scores when contacted, 44 patients (45.4%) showed a slight worsening of their scores and seven patients' (7.2%) scores were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: The Arabic translation of the Kujala anterior knee pain score is a valid, reliable, useful, and easy-to-interpret scoring system to assess Arabic-speaking patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Hamdan, M., et al. (2019). "Validation of the Arabic version of the Kujala patellofemoral pain scoring system." J Orthop Sci 24(2): 290-293.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30316659