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Acronym
SMILY©-illness

Description
A health-related quality of life scale for children that addresses the impact of systemic rheumatic diseases such as mixed connective tissue disease, juvenile dermatomyositis ,systemic sclerosis, Sjögren’s syndrome, vasculitides,Behçets, sarcoidosis or systemic arthritis.Adapted from the Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY©).

Area of assessment
Quality of life.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Pediatric.

Age Group
Child/adolescent- 0-19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Moorthy, L. N. 2014 2 - 18 Both systemic lupus erythematosus Egypt
Saudi Arabia
 Free
Moorthy, L. N. 2012 Both rheumatic diseases Egypt
Saudi Arabia

Acronym
HAQ

Description
Originally developed by James F. Fries and colleagues at Stanford University in 1978, Developed as a comprehensive measure of outcome in patients with a wide variety of rheumatic diseases but now also used for other conditions and aging , Should be considered a generic rather than a disease-specific instrument. Its focus is on self-reported patient-oriented outcome measures, rather than process measures. The Full Five-Dimension HAQ, assesses a hierarchy of patient outcomes in four domains: 1) disability, 2) discomfort and pain, 3) drug side effects (toxicity) and 4) dollar costs.

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance, Pain, Symptoms.

Condition
Geriatric, Health, Orthopedic /rheumatology.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
El Meidany,Y.M. 2003 Both Rheumatoid Arthritis Bahrain
Kuwait
Morocco
Saudi Arabia
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
 184
Meidany, Y. M. El. 2003 Both rheumatoid arthritis Egypt
Bahrain
Kuwait
Morocco
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Saudi Arabia
 184
Shehab, D 1998 median 38 Both outpatient rheumatology Kuwait
 41 Contact Author

Acronym
ASAS HI

Description
A unidimensional questionnaire measuring health and impairment in functioning in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). The self-reprt questionnaire measures functioning and health across 17 aspects of health ; contains items addressing categories of pain, emotional functions, sleep, sexual function, mobility, self care, and community life. Developed under the auspices of the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society.

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance, General health, Mental health, Pain, Symptoms.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Kiltz, U. 2016 18 - 86 Both patients Egypt
 215
Kiltz, U. 2014 42.4 (13.9) years axial spondyloarthritis 10
Kiltz, U. 2014 42.4 +/-13.9 Both spondyloarthritis 206 Free

Acronym
CIAQ

Description
A questionnaire which includes: 10-items scale to assess functional impairment (CIAQ-FI), and 10-items to assess quality of life (CIAQ-QoL) in patients with inflammatory arthritis.

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance, Quality of life.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
El Meidany,Y.M. 2013 Both inflammatory arthritis Egypt
 284

Acronym
DASH

Description
A self-administered outcome measure of self-rated upper-extremity disability and symptoms.The items ask about the degree of difficulty in performing different physical activities because of the arm, shoulder, or hand problem (21 items), the severity of each of the symptoms of pain, activity-related pain, tingling, weakness and stiffness (5 items), as well as the problem's impact on social activities, work, sleep, and self-image (4 items). Each item has five response options. The scores for all items are then used to calculate a scale score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). The score for the disability/symptom scale is called the DASH score.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Symptoms.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Alotaibi, N. 2016 upper extremity conditions Kuwait
 139

Acronym
BAS-G

Description
The BAS-G is a global assessment which reflects the effect of Ankylosing Spondylitis on patients' well-being over a particular period of time. It consists of two questions which ask patients’ to indicate, on a 10cm VAS the effect the disease has had on their well-being over the last week last six months.

Area of assessment
General health, Mental health, Quality of life.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
El Meidany,Y.M. 2008 24 - 61 Both ankylosing spondylitis Middle East
Morocco
 73

Acronym
JOABPEQ

Description
A self-administered, disease-specific measure developed with reference to the Japanese editions of SF-36, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) to assess health-related quality of life. Items were categorized into five factors. The factors were named based on the commonality of the items: social function, mental health, lumbar function, walking ability, and low back pain.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Pain, Activities of daily living, Mental health, Quality of life, Social.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Alfayez, S.M. 2017 10 - 72 Both patients Saudi Arabia
 151

Acronym
Not available

Description
Index of severity for osteoarthritis of the knee. This can be used to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.Sections for index: It has five questions pertaining to pain or discomfort, 1 question dealing with maximum distance walked, and four questions about activities of daily living.

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance, Pain.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Guermazi, M. 2004 46 - 56 Both knee osteoarthritis Tunisia
 103

Acronym
LEFS

Description
The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) measures "patients' initial function, ongoing progress, and outcome" for a wide range of lower-extremity conditions. It is a self-report questionnaire. Patients answer the question "Today, do you or would you have any difficulty at all with:" in regards to twenty different everyday activities.

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Alnahdi, A. H. 2016 lower extremity musculoskeletal dysfunction 170
Korakakis, V 2019 above 18 patients 215 Free
Alnahdi, Ali H 2020 Both Not available 116

Acronym
ODI

Description
A self reported measure of low back pain patient's permanent functional disability. English version consists of 10 items which ask how back or leg pain is affecting the patient's ability to manage in everyday life.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Aljedi, S. 2004 Both low back pain Kuwait
 90 Pay
Algarni, A. S. 2014 18 - 65 Both patients Saudi Arabia
 100 Free
Ramzy, R 2008 18 and above Both patients United Arab Emirates
 20 Free
Guermazi, M. 2005 18 - 65 Both patients Tunisia
 80

Acronym
FIQR

Description
Evaluation for patients with Fibromyalgia. The FIQR consists of 21 items organized into three domains: (a) function, (b) overall impact, and (c) symptoms. Each item within these domains is rated on an 11-point scale of 0–10, with “10” being “worst,” and is meant to be answered in the context of the past 7 days.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Symptoms.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Abu-Dahab, S. M. 2013 25 - 72 Female fibromyalgia Jordan
 92

Acronym
RMDQ

Description
A questionnaire designed to assess self-rated physical disability caused by low back pain developed from the Sickness Impact Profile.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Pain.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Maaroufi, H. 2007 22 - 73 Both low back pain Morocco
 76
Maki, D. 2014 18 - older Both back pain Bahrain
 17
SHEBBO, F 2021 61.43 ± 17.22 Both Patients Lebanon
 122

Acronym
Not available

Description
The Structured Telephone Interviews Questionnaire on Chronic Pain consists of a screening interview and a structured in-depth-interview questionnaire. The screening interview lasts approximately 5 minutes and consists of 12 questions to gather data on age and gender of participants and the duration of pain, frequency of pain during the previous week, intensity of pain during last pain episode, location of pain, and cause of pain. The structured in-depth-interview lasts approximately 23 minutes and consists of 44 questions to gather information about demographics, frequency, duration, intensity, and impact of pain on work and quality of life. In addition, the structured in-depth interview questionnaire gathers information about treatments, care pathways and the participants’ attitudes to their pain and its treatment, and their perceptions of the attitudes of their family, friends, colleagues, and doctors to their pain and its treatment. (Elzahaf et al 2013)

Area of assessment
Pain.

Condition
Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Geriatric, Gynecology, Health, Hematology, Metabolic /endocrine, Neurology, Obstetric, Oncology, Oral health, Orthopedic /rheumatology, Palliative, Pulmonary, Rehabilitation, Renal, Urogenital, Women's health, Ent, Infectious disease, Psychiatric.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Elzahaf, R. A. 2013 52 ± 18 Both random Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
 104

Acronym
TSK

Description
Measure of kinesiophobia (fear of movement) . Initially used to measure fear of movement related to chronic low back pain, Now also used for pain related to different body parts including the cervical spine. The TSK is a self-completed questionnaire.

Area of assessment
Behavior, Beliefs, Function/disability/performance, Mental health, Pain, Perception.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Hawamdeh, Z. 2014 low back pain Jordan
 Contact Author
Yangui, N. 2017
patients
Not available
Not available 		Tunisia
 50

Acronym
WOMAC

Description
set of standardized questionnaires used by health professionals to evaluate the condition of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and hip, including pain, stiffness, and physical functioning of the joints. The WOMAC has also been used to assess back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and fibromyalgia. It can be self-administered and was developed at Western Ontario and McMaster Universities in 1982.measures five items for pain (score range 0–20), two for stiffness (score range 0–8), and 17 for functional limitation (score range 0–68).[ Physical functioning questions cover everyday activities such as stair use, standing up from a sitting or lying position, standing, bending, walking, getting in and out of a car, shopping, putting on or taking off socks, lying in bed, getting in or out of a bath, sitting, and heavy and light household duties. The questions on the WOMAC are a subset of the questions of the Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS). Thus, a HOOS survey may also be used to determine a WOMAC score. (Wikipedia, 2018)

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living, Function/disability/performance, Pain.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Guermazi, M. 2004 40 - 80 Both knee osteoarthritis Tunisia
 103 Free

Acronym
SF-36

Description
A patient-reported survey of patient health The original SF-36 came from the Medical Outcome Study, MOS, done by the RAND Corporation. It consists of eight sections : vitality,physical functioning,bodily pain,general health,perceptions,physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, social role functioning,mental health.

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Mental health, Quality of life.

Condition
Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Geriatric, Gynecology, Health, Hematology, Infectious disease, Intensive Care, Metabolic /endocrine, Neurology, Obstetric, Oncology, Orthopedic /rheumatology, Palliative, Psychiatric, Pulmonary, Rehabilitation, Renal, Urogenital, Women's health.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Alragum, S. N. 2008 55 - over Both Diabetes , healthy Kuwait
 240 Free
Khoudri, I. 2007 18 - older Both ICU patients 3 months after discharge Morocco
 145 Free
Mukhaimer, A. J. 2010 18 - 64 Female Not available Bahrain
 258 Free
Guermazi, M. 2012 healthy Tunisia
 130 Free
Khader, S. 2011 18 - more Both Healthy Jordan
 511 Free
Coons, S. J. 1998 19 - 59 Both healthy Saudi Arabia
 415
Sabbah, I 2003 14 - 60 and plus Both healthy people Lebanon
 524
Hoopman, R 2009 18 - 79 Both healthy people Netherlands
 10414
El Osta, N. 2019 60 years and more Both elderly people Lebanon
 250 Free

Acronym
ASES

Description
Not available

Area of assessment
Activities of daily living.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Yahia, A. 2011 20 - 80 Both periarticular shoulder disability Tunisia
 80 Contact Author

Acronym
AKPS

Description
The Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) – sometimes called the Kujala Scale (Kujala et al 1993) is a 13-item knee-specific self-report questionnaire. It documents response to six activities thought to be associated specifically with anterior knee pain syndrome (walking, running, jumping, climbing stairs, squatting, and sitting for prolonged periods with knees bent), as well as symptoms such as limp, inability to weight bear through the affected limb, swelling, abnormal patellar movement, muscle atrophy and limitation of knee flexion. The AKPS asks about duration of symptoms and limb(s) affected. The maximum score is 100 and lower scores indicate greater pain/disability. Scoring is hierarchical using various types of categorisation including ‘no difficulty – unable’ and ‘no pain – severe pain.’ Some sections incorporate grading of the distance able to be walked or run without pain. The section on stair climbing distinguishes those with pain only on descending stairs from those who experience pain both ascending and descending. (Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 2009 Vol. 55 )

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance, Pain.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, Rehabilitation.

Age Group
Other

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Alshehri, A. 2017 18 - 45 Both Patellofemoral pain syndrome Saudi Arabia
 40 Free

Acronym
ACTP

Description
A tool intended to identify areas of strength and need in use of a computer, evaluate the efticiency of different assistive devices, and evaluate progress after a training period. The test objectively measures performance on standardized, representative, and realistic computer tasks. It includes keyboard, mouse, and writing tasks. The tasks are designed to assess all keyboard and mouse actions performed during computer use. There is a child and an adult version(Dumont, C, Vincent, C, & Mazer, B. , 2002).

Area of assessment
Function/disability/performance.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology, School.

Age Group
Other

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
Danial-Saad, A. 2012 6 - 21 Both Moderate Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Palestine
 30

Acronym
BASDAI

Description
The gold standard for measuring and evaluating disease activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Includes 6 questions pertaining to the 5 major symptoms of AS: Fatigue Spinal pain Joint pain / swelling Areas of localized tenderness (also called enthesitis, or inflammation of tendons and ligaments) Morning stiffness duration Morning stiffness severity

Area of assessment
Pain, Symptoms.

Condition
Orthopedic /rheumatology.

Age Group
Adult- over 19 years

Literature on Arabic translation/validation of measure
Author/link to article Publication year Population Sample Size Access to measure
Age Gender Condition Country
El Meidany,Y.M. 2008 Both ankylosing spondylitits 73
Rostom, S. 2010 35.5 Both suffering from AS Morocco
 85


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Articles last updated: December 2020